df
Created by : Mr Dk.
2022 / 12 / 26 0:20
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Background
df 用于查看文件系统使用量信息。
Usage
$ df --help
Usage: df [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all include pseudo, duplicate, inaccessible file systems
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;
see SIZE format below
-h, --human-readable print sizes in powers of 1024 (e.g., 1023M)
-H, --si print sizes in powers of 1000 (e.g., 1.1G)
-i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-l, --local limit listing to local file systems
--no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)
--output[=FIELD_LIST] use the output format defined by FIELD_LIST,
or print all fields if FIELD_LIST is omitted.
-P, --portability use the POSIX output format
--sync invoke sync before getting usage info
--total elide all entries insignificant to available space,
and produce a grand total
-t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE
-T, --print-type print file system type
-x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE
-v (ignored)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
and the DF_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).
Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).
FIELD_LIST is a comma-separated list of columns to be included. Valid
field names are: 'source', 'fstype', 'itotal', 'iused', 'iavail', 'ipcent',
'size', 'used', 'avail', 'pcent', 'file' and 'target' (see info page).
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Full documentation at: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/df>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) df invocation'
文件系统类型
使用 -T 参数打印文件系统的类型：
$ df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev devtmpfs 966120 0 966120 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 203016 1016 202000 1% /run
/dev/vda2 ext4 41222348 9665792 29783868 25% /
tmpfs tmpfs 1015068 24 1015044 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 1015068 0 1015068 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 squashfs 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 squashfs 119552 119552 0 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 squashfs 45696 45696 0 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 squashfs 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 squashfs 45824 45824 0 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs tmpfs 203012 0 203012 0% /run/user/0
打印所有文件系统
使用 -a 参数打印所有的文件系统，包括伪文件系统、不可访问的文件系统：
$ df -a -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
sysfs sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
proc proc 0 0 0 - /proc
udev devtmpfs 966120 0 966120 0% /dev
devpts devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
tmpfs tmpfs 203016 1016 202000 1% /run
/dev/vda2 ext4 41222348 9665864 29783796 25% /
securityfs securityfs 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/security
tmpfs tmpfs 1015068 24 1015044 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 1015068 0 1015068 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
cgroup2 cgroup2 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/unified
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd
pstore pstore 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/pstore
none bpf 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/bpf
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/pids
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/memory
cgroup cgroup 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/cgroup/devices
systemd-1 - - - - - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
hugetlbfs hugetlbfs 0 0 0 - /dev/hugepages
mqueue mqueue 0 0 0 - /dev/mqueue
debugfs debugfs 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug
tracefs tracefs 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/tracing
sunrpc rpc_pipefs 0 0 0 - /run/rpc_pipefs
configfs configfs 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/config
fusectl fusectl 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/fuse/connections
tracefs tracefs 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
binfmt_misc binfmt_misc 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
/dev/loop3 squashfs 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 squashfs 119552 119552 0 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 squashfs 45696 45696 0 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 squashfs 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 squashfs 45824 45824 0 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs tmpfs 203012 0 203012 0% /run/user/0
打印使用量
以人类可读的格式打印：
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 944M 0 944M 0% /dev
tmpfs 199M 1016K 198M 1% /run
/dev/vda2 40G 9.3G 29G 25% /
tmpfs 992M 24K 992M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 992M 0 992M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 117M 117M 0 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 45M 45M 0 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 45M 45M 0 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
以指定单位打印使用量：-B + 单位：
$ df -Bk
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 966120K 0K 966120K 0% /dev
tmpfs 203016K 1016K 202000K 1% /run
/dev/vda2 41222348K 9665988K 29783672K 25% /
tmpfs 1015068K 24K 1015044K 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5120K 0K 5120K 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 1015068K 0K 1015068K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 64768K 64768K 0K 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 119552K 119552K 0K 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 45696K 45696K 0K 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 64768K 64768K 0K 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 45824K 45824K 0K 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs 203012K 0K 203012K 0% /run/user/0
$ df -Bm
Filesystem 1M-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 944M 0M 944M 0% /dev
tmpfs 199M 1M 198M 1% /run
/dev/vda2 40257M 9440M 29086M 25% /
tmpfs 992M 1M 992M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5M 0M 5M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 992M 0M 992M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 64M 64M 0M 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 117M 117M 0M 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 45M 45M 0M 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 64M 64M 0M 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 45M 45M 0M 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs 199M 0M 199M 0% /run/user/0
$ df -Bg
Filesystem 1G-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 1G 0G 1G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1G 1G 1G 1% /run
/dev/vda2 40G 10G 29G 25% /
tmpfs 1G 1G 1G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1G 0G 1G 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 1G 0G 1G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 1G 1G 0G 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 1G 1G 0G 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 1G 1G 0G 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 1G 1G 0G 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 1G 1G 0G 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs 1G 0G 1G 0% /run/user/0
查看 inode
使用 -i 参数查看 inode 使用量：
$ df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev 241530 420 241110 1% /dev
tmpfs 253767 657 253110 1% /run
/dev/vda2 2600960 113254 2487706 5% /
tmpfs 253767 7 253760 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 253767 4 253763 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 253767 18 253749 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop3 11897 11897 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop4 12857 12857 0 100% /snap/core/14399
/dev/loop0 7452 7452 0 100% /snap/certbot/2582
/dev/loop1 11897 11897 0 100% /snap/core20/1738
/dev/loop2 7457 7457 0 100% /snap/certbot/2618
tmpfs 253767 22 253745 1% /run/user/0
References
12 Useful “df” Commands to Check Disk Space in Linux