Class - java.io.DataInputStream
Created by : Mr Dk.
2020 / 07 / 21 10:23
Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Definition
这个类使应用程序能够以平台无关的方式从底层的 InputStream 中读取 Java 原始数据类型的数据。注意，这个类不保证多线程访问的安全性，由用户来负责保证。
/**
* A data input stream lets an application read primitive Java data
* types from an underlying input stream in a machine-independent
* way. An application uses a data output stream to write data that
* can later be read by a data input stream.
* <p>
* DataInputStream is not necessarily safe for multithreaded access.
* Thread safety is optional and is the responsibility of users of
* methods in this class.
*
* @author Arthur van Hoff
* @see java.io.DataOutputStream
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public
class DataInputStream extends FilterInputStream implements DataInput {
}
Constructor
/**
* Creates a DataInputStream that uses the specified
* underlying InputStream.
*
* @param in the specified input stream
*/
public DataInputStream(InputStream in) {
super(in);
}
Read Bytes
从流中读取字节并存放在一个缓冲区数组中，实际读取的字节以整型返回。这个函数会一直 阻塞，直到输入数据可读，或已经到达流尾部，或有异常抛出。第一个被读取的字节被放入 b[0] 中，读入字节的最大值与 b 的长度相等。如果希望自行设置开始存放第一个字节的位置，以及读入字节的长度，就调第二个函数：
/**
* Reads some number of bytes from the contained input stream and
* stores them into the buffer array <code>b</code>. The number of
* bytes actually read is returned as an integer. This method blocks
* until input data is available, end of file is detected, or an
* exception is thrown.
*
* <p>If <code>b</code> is null, a <code>NullPointerException</code> is
* thrown. If the length of <code>b</code> is zero, then no bytes are
* read and <code>0</code> is returned; otherwise, there is an attempt
* to read at least one byte. If no byte is available because the
* stream is at end of file, the value <code>-1</code> is returned;
* otherwise, at least one byte is read and stored into <code>b</code>.
*
* <p>The first byte read is stored into element <code>b[0]</code>, the
* next one into <code>b[1]</code>, and so on. The number of bytes read
* is, at most, equal to the length of <code>b</code>. Let <code>k</code>
* be the number of bytes actually read; these bytes will be stored in
* elements <code>b[0]</code> through <code>b[k-1]</code>, leaving
* elements <code>b[k]</code> through <code>b[b.length-1]</code>
* unaffected.
*
* <p>The <code>read(b)</code> method has the same effect as:
* <blockquote><pre>
* read(b, 0, b.length)
* </pre></blockquote>
*
* @param b the buffer into which the data is read.
* @return the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or
* <code>-1</code> if there is no more data because the end
* of the stream has been reached.
* @exception IOException if the first byte cannot be read for any reason
* other than end of file, the stream has been closed and the underlying
* input stream does not support reading after close, or another I/O
* error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
* @see java.io.InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)
*/
public final int read(byte b[]) throws IOException {
return in.read(b, 0, b.length);
}
/**
* Reads up to <code>len</code> bytes of data from the contained
* input stream into an array of bytes. An attempt is made to read
* as many as <code>len</code> bytes, but a smaller number may be read,
* possibly zero. The number of bytes actually read is returned as an
* integer.
*
* <p> This method blocks until input data is available, end of file is
* detected, or an exception is thrown.
*
* <p> If <code>len</code> is zero, then no bytes are read and
* <code>0</code> is returned; otherwise, there is an attempt to read at
* least one byte. If no byte is available because the stream is at end of
* file, the value <code>-1</code> is returned; otherwise, at least one
* byte is read and stored into <code>b</code>.
*
* <p> The first byte read is stored into element <code>b[off]</code>, the
* next one into <code>b[off+1]</code>, and so on. The number of bytes read
* is, at most, equal to <code>len</code>. Let <i>k</i> be the number of
* bytes actually read; these bytes will be stored in elements
* <code>b[off]</code> through <code>b[off+</code><i>k</i><code>-1]</code>,
* leaving elements <code>b[off+</code><i>k</i><code>]</code> through
* <code>b[off+len-1]</code> unaffected.
*
* <p> In every case, elements <code>b[0]</code> through
* <code>b[off]</code> and elements <code>b[off+len]</code> through
* <code>b[b.length-1]</code> are unaffected.
*
* @param b the buffer into which the data is read.
* @param off the start offset in the destination array <code>b</code>
* @param len the maximum number of bytes read.
* @return the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or
* <code>-1</code> if there is no more data because the end
* of the stream has been reached.
* @exception NullPointerException If <code>b</code> is <code>null</code>.
* @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException If <code>off</code> is negative,
* <code>len</code> is negative, or <code>len</code> is greater than
* <code>b.length - off</code>
* @exception IOException if the first byte cannot be read for any reason
* other than end of file, the stream has been closed and the underlying
* input stream does not support reading after close, or another I/O
* error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
* @see java.io.InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)
*/
public final int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
return in.read(b, off, len);
}
另外，readFully() 的行为也与上两个函数类似，是为了实现 DataInput 接口。只有返回值类型变成了 void。
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readFully</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @param b the buffer into which the data is read.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading all the bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final void readFully(byte b[]) throws IOException {
readFully(b, 0, b.length);
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readFully</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @param b the buffer into which the data is read.
* @param off the start offset of the data.
* @param len the number of bytes to read.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading all the bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final void readFully(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
if (len < 0)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
int n = 0;
while (n < len) {
int count = in.read(b, off + n, len - n);
if (count < 0)
throw new EOFException();
n += count;
}
}
Skip
试图跳过一些字节，这些字节被丢弃。但实际上跳过的字节数可能比指定值小，实际跳过的字节数被返回。
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>skipBytes</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @param n the number of bytes to be skipped.
* @return the actual number of bytes skipped.
* @exception IOException if the contained input stream does not support
* seek, or the stream has been closed and
* the contained input stream does not support
* reading after close, or another I/O error occurs.
*/
public final int skipBytes(int n) throws IOException {
int total = 0;
int cur = 0;
while ((total<n) && ((cur = (int) in.skip(n-total)) > 0)) {
total += cur;
}
return total;
}
Read Primitive Type
根据各个 Java 原始数据类型的数据长度，读取相应长度的字节，然后强制转换为相应的数据类型并返回。
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readBoolean</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the <code>boolean</code> value read.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream has reached the end.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final boolean readBoolean() throws IOException {
int ch = in.read();
if (ch < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return (ch != 0);
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readByte</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next byte of this input stream as a signed 8-bit
* <code>byte</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream has reached the end.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final byte readByte() throws IOException {
int ch = in.read();
if (ch < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return (byte)(ch);
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readUnsignedByte</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next byte of this input stream, interpreted as an
* unsigned 8-bit number.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream has reached the end.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException {
int ch = in.read();
if (ch < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return ch;
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readShort</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next two bytes of this input stream, interpreted as a
* signed 16-bit number.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading two bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final short readShort() throws IOException {
int ch1 = in.read();
int ch2 = in.read();
if ((ch1 | ch2) < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return (short)((ch1 << 8) + (ch2 << 0));
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readUnsignedShort</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next two bytes of this input stream, interpreted as an
* unsigned 16-bit integer.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading two bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException {
int ch1 = in.read();
int ch2 = in.read();
if ((ch1 | ch2) < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return (ch1 << 8) + (ch2 << 0);
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readChar</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next two bytes of this input stream, interpreted as a
* <code>char</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading two bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final char readChar() throws IOException {
int ch1 = in.read();
int ch2 = in.read();
if ((ch1 | ch2) < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return (char)((ch1 << 8) + (ch2 << 0));
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readInt</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next four bytes of this input stream, interpreted as an
* <code>int</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading four bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final int readInt() throws IOException {
int ch1 = in.read();
int ch2 = in.read();
int ch3 = in.read();
int ch4 = in.read();
if ((ch1 | ch2 | ch3 | ch4) < 0)
throw new EOFException();
return ((ch1 << 24) + (ch2 << 16) + (ch3 << 8) + (ch4 << 0));
}
private byte readBuffer[] = new byte[8];
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readLong</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next eight bytes of this input stream, interpreted as a
* <code>long</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading eight bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.FilterInputStream#in
*/
public final long readLong() throws IOException {
readFully(readBuffer, 0, 8);
return (((long)readBuffer[0] << 56) +
((long)(readBuffer[1] & 255) << 48) +
((long)(readBuffer[2] & 255) << 40) +
((long)(readBuffer[3] & 255) << 32) +
((long)(readBuffer[4] & 255) << 24) +
((readBuffer[5] & 255) << 16) +
((readBuffer[6] & 255) << 8) +
((readBuffer[7] & 255) << 0));
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readFloat</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next four bytes of this input stream, interpreted as a
* <code>float</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading four bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.DataInputStream#readInt()
* @see java.lang.Float#intBitsToFloat(int)
*/
public final float readFloat() throws IOException {
return Float.intBitsToFloat(readInt());
}
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readDouble</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return the next eight bytes of this input stream, interpreted as a
* <code>double</code>.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading eight bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @see java.io.DataInputStream#readLong()
* @see java.lang.Double#longBitsToDouble(long)
*/
public final double readDouble() throws IOException {
return Double.longBitsToDouble(readLong());
}
Read UTF String
将字节流读取并以 UTF-8 字符串的形式解析，返回一个字符串。
/**
* See the general contract of the <code>readUTF</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
* <p>
* Bytes
* for this operation are read from the contained
* input stream.
*
* @return a Unicode string.
* @exception EOFException if this input stream reaches the end before
* reading all the bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @exception UTFDataFormatException if the bytes do not represent a valid
* modified UTF-8 encoding of a string.
* @see java.io.DataInputStream#readUTF(java.io.DataInput)
*/
public final String readUTF() throws IOException {
return readUTF(this);
}
/**
* Reads from the
* stream <code>in</code> a representation
* of a Unicode character string encoded in
* <a href="DataInput.html#modified-utf-8">modified UTF-8</a> format;
* this string of characters is then returned as a <code>String</code>.
* The details of the modified UTF-8 representation
* are exactly the same as for the <code>readUTF</code>
* method of <code>DataInput</code>.
*
* @param in a data input stream.
* @return a Unicode string.
* @exception EOFException if the input stream reaches the end
* before all the bytes.
* @exception IOException the stream has been closed and the contained
* input stream does not support reading after close, or
* another I/O error occurs.
* @exception UTFDataFormatException if the bytes do not represent a
* valid modified UTF-8 encoding of a Unicode string.
* @see java.io.DataInputStream#readUnsignedShort()
*/
public final static String readUTF(DataInput in) throws IOException {
int utflen = in.readUnsignedShort();
byte[] bytearr = null;
char[] chararr = null;
if (in instanceof DataInputStream) {
DataInputStream dis = (DataInputStream)in;
if (dis.bytearr.length < utflen){
dis.bytearr = new byte[utflen*2];
dis.chararr = new char[utflen*2];
}
chararr = dis.chararr;
bytearr = dis.bytearr;
} else {
bytearr = new byte[utflen];
chararr = new char[utflen];
}
int c, char2, char3;
int count = 0;
int chararr_count=0;
in.readFully(bytearr, 0, utflen);
while (count < utflen) {
c = (int) bytearr[count] & 0xff;
if (c > 127) break;
count++;
chararr[chararr_count++]=(char)c;
}
while (count < utflen) {
c = (int) bytearr[count] & 0xff;
switch (c >> 4) {
case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7:
/* 0xxxxxxx*/
count++;
chararr[chararr_count++]=(char)c;
break;
case 12: case 13:
/* 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx*/
count += 2;
if (count > utflen)
throw new UTFDataFormatException(
"malformed input: partial character at end");
char2 = (int) bytearr[count-1];
if ((char2 & 0xC0) != 0x80)
throw new UTFDataFormatException(
"malformed input around byte " + count);
chararr[chararr_count++]=(char)(((c & 0x1F) << 6) |
(char2 & 0x3F));
break;
case 14:
/* 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx */
count += 3;
if (count > utflen)
throw new UTFDataFormatException(
"malformed input: partial character at end");
char2 = (int) bytearr[count-2];
char3 = (int) bytearr[count-1];
if (((char2 & 0xC0) != 0x80) || ((char3 & 0xC0) != 0x80))
throw new UTFDataFormatException(
"malformed input around byte " + (count-1));
chararr[chararr_count++]=(char)(((c & 0x0F) << 12) |
((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) |
((char3 & 0x3F) << 0));
break;
default:
/* 10xx xxxx, 1111 xxxx */
throw new UTFDataFormatException(
"malformed input around byte " + count);
}
}
// The number of chars produced may be less than utflen
return new String(chararr, 0, chararr_count);
}